The mass of a balloon is its weight. The weight of an object is the force exerted on it by gravity. It is equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 m/s2. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of Earth is about 9.8 m/s2 (32 ft/s2).
The mass of an object depends on its composition and shape, but not its volume or temperature. Most materials have a density greater than air (vacuum), which has a density of about 1 kg/m3 (or approximately 0.001 g/cm3).
A helium-filled balloon has a mass less than that of an identical one filled with air, because helium has lower density than air. So it has less weight for any given volume than an identical balloon filled with air would have.
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Last modified: August 3, 2022